Feudalism= A term coined by historians to describe the type of government institutions, as well as the general social and political relationships, that existed among the warrior-landholders in much of Europe during the Middle Ages.
feudal compact= An arrangement between a lord and his vassal involving the exchange of property for personal service
fief= A grant of land that a lord gave to a knight after he pledged loyalty
Vassal= a knight under the oath of loyalty to a lord
knight= warrior who has to go through training
homage= A vassal’s act of promising loyalty and obedience to his lord
serf= bound to the land and to the lord for a lifetime and you can't go anywhere
baron= A great lord who exercised government authority over fast family territory.
peasantry=
estates= In the middle ages, the groups that made up society: often defined as those who pray, those who fight, and those who work
manor= The principal farming property and social unit of a medieval community, usually belonging to a member of the feudal nobility or to a Church institution
three-field-system= A method of crop rotation designed to maintain the fertility of the soil and to provide for a regular supply of fall and spring crops
internal colonization= The process of cultivation and settling in formerly wild land in medieval Europe
suburb=the towns that formed outside of the protective walls
guild= An organization of merchants or craftspeople who regulated the activities of their members and set standards and prices
master= A craftsman who had the right to operate workshops, train others, and vote on guild business
journeyman= A licensed artisan who had served an apprenticeship and who was employed by a master and paid at a fixed rate per day.
Apprentice= A “learner” in the shop of a master
masterpiece
water mill
iron plow-